Wild Edible Herbs
Hedgerow bounty

The following herbs grow locally in Derbyshire, they do grow in lots of other places as well, if they grow near you why not try them? The photos are taken by either simon or myself, I've also included a recipe suggestion for you to try if you like.

Please note in some of the recipes I add, especially the older ones that have been handed down I use a "cup" measurement. This refers to a teacup and is I know, little used as a measure in the UK today. Older UK recipes may well give measurements in cups; in so far as a standard cup was used, it was usually half a pint (sometimes a third of a pint), but if the recipe is one that has been handed down in a family, it is just as likely to refer to someone's favourite kitchen cup as to that standard.

Please only pick and eat wild plants if you are both certain what they are and they're not endangered! If in doubt, DON'T!!!

Bramble & Apple Chutney

350g Blackberries (hulled)
140ml Pickling Vinegar
1 small onion (chopped)
350g Cooking Apples (peeled, cored and chopped)
100g Raisins
½ Tsp Salt
½ Tsp Cayenne Pepper
½ Tsp Ground Mace
100g Soft Brown Sugar

Method Put the blackberries, apples, onions, raisins, sugar, salt, spices and vinegar into a preserving pan. Bring to the boil, then reduce the heat and simmer, uncovered, stirring occasionally, for about 3 hours, until the mixture is of a thick consistency, with no excess liquid remaining. Spoon the chutney into prepared jars and cover immediately with airtight and vinegar-proof tops.

Bramble Wine

I couldn't put an entry for blackberries here without adding a recipe for one of my passions, homemade wine.

4lb Blackberries
3¼ lb Sugar
7 Pints Water
Yeast & Nutrient Pectic Enzyme
Campden Tablet

Method This will give a full bodied, sweet wine. Crush the fruit well by hand and pour on 2 pints of boiled and cooled water. Mix in well. Crush and dissolve a campden tablet in a little water and mix this in. Cover and leave for 12 hours, stirring well once during this period. Now strain through muslin, squeezing well, into a saucepan. Bring to the boil and simmer for 5 minutes. Skim off any scum that rises to the surface. In the meantime boil half of the sugar in two pints of water for a couple of minutes til fully dissolved. Pour this along with the fruit juice into a lidded bucket or suitable glass or pastic container.

When it is cool add the pectic enzyme. Cover and leave for 24 hours before adding the yeast and nutrient. Ferment for between 7 and 10 days. Now boil the other half of the sugar in another two pints of water til dissolved and when cool add to the mix. Cover and ferment for a further 4 days. After this syphon off the lees into a demijohn and top up to the neck with boiled and cooled water. Fit an airlock and ferment out. Rack once before bottling.

Blackberries
Blackberry

This photo was taken in late August 2004 at night, after a walk around the stunning parkland that surrounds the village of IIam (pronounced 'Eye Lamb') in Derbyshire. I'd picked a few and the flavour was wonderful.

The name of the bush is derived from brambel, or brymbyl, signifying prickly. The ancient Greeks knew Blackberries well, and considered them a remedy for gout.

The blackberry season runs from August until November and it is suggested that the early-ripening berries are the best. There is a celebrated taboo about not picking blackberries after 10 October, because during the night the Devil either spits, stamps or urinates (depending on which telling of the tale one reads) on every bush.

The origin of this myth relates to Lucifer having been cast out of heaven at Michaelmas (29 September), which corresponds with 10 October in the pre-1752 Julian calendar. The warning probably has more to do with the presence of leaf hopper insects, that form a saliva-like foam barrier around themselves before hatching into the adult insect.

Blackberries have been gathered from the wild for thousands of years. The juicy berries are traditionally made into jelly, pies, wine and vinegar, and since the monks of Yew have started producing spiced beverages - a wonderful mix of sweetened blackberry juice with spices and brandy has been one of their top exports.

Blackberry leaf tea is a domestic remedy for sore throats, while chewing the fresh leaves is an ancient cure for bleeding gums. The fresh, lightly boiled leaves were applied to piles, and blackberry vinegar is a home remedy of long standing or feverish colds.

Blackberry vinegar is a wholesome drink that is easily made and can with advantage have its place in the store cupboard for use in winter, being a fine cordial for a feverish cold.

Jack by the hedge (garlic mustard).
Jack by the hedge

Also known as garlic mustard, this biennial spring flower smells remarkably like garlic when the stems are crushed. The leaves are bright green in early spring, darkening as the year advances. Appropriately named, this is a plant of hedgerows, but in shaded places you will also find it lining riverbanks. The best of the flowers appear in April and early May, but you can occasionally find a few blooms right through until August.

Garlic Mustard Pesto

4 Cloves Of Garlic
150g Garlic Mustard Taproots
100g Parsley
150g Garlic Mustard Leaves
50g Basil
200g Low-Sodium Olives
250g Pine Nuts
120ml Miso
300ml Olive Oil

1. Chop the garlic and garlic mustard roots in a food processor.

2. Add the parsley, garlic, garlic mustard leaves and basil and chop.

3. Add the nuts and chop coarsely.

4. Add the olive oil and miso and process until you've created a coarse paste.

Potato Nettle Soup

200g Nettle Leaves (young shoots)
1 Sml Onion
6 Small Potatoes
250ml Water
1 Tsp Salt
1 Tsp Parsley
3 Cloves Garlic

Method Puree onion, garlic, and nettles with 1 cup of water. Cut potatoes into small pieces. Simmer pureed mixture with potatoes and remaining water for 45 minutes or until tender. Use a potato masher to mash the potatoes making the soup thick and creamy.

Olde English Nettle Pudding

An old English recipe, which is not a dessert but a hearty main dish. Use the English teacup measurement again. Volume of one of these is approximately 250ml Water to the top.

Method In a bowl add the ingredients below:-

2 Cups Cooked & Chopped Nettle Greens
1 Cup Chopped Onion
1 Cup Chopped Broccoli or Green Cabbage
200g Raw Rice,
1 Cup Minced Beef (omit this if veggie)
½ Cup Suet (beef or vegetarian).

Season with 1 teaspoon salt and a little freshly ground black pepper, mix well, then tie the mixture up in a muslin cloth that has been wrung out in cold water.
Drop into boiling water and boil for 1 hour, or hang over boiling water and steam for 3 hours. When you remove the pudding cloth, you will have a round cannonball of a pudding that is delicious when served with a good gravy or melted butter.

Stinging nettle
Stinging Nettle

The nettle photo was taken in late March 2004 by the side of Stenson canal. Some of this patch later that day got turned into the Potato & Nettle Soup opposite, served with some fresh baked bread it's wonderful.

In April, greenish clusters of tiny flowers hang down from the joint of the leaf stem and main plant stem. At this point, they have reached their full size of up to 3 m tall. Plant size tends to vary depending on the amount of light and moisture.

Stinging nettles bear their flowers throughout the summer on the edges of woodland, roadsides and some river banks. The male and female flowers occur on separate plants; both flower sexes are green with yellow stamens. If you do get stung by nettles, rubbing the area with a dock leaf is recommended to alleviate the pain.

Nettles have been used a free staple for centuries, they make excellent beer, soups, savoury puddings, and when young and tender they can make a wonderful alternative to spinach. In addition to their good taste, nettles are rich in vitamins A and C, amazingly high in protein, filled with chlorophyll, and probably exceedingly rich in many of the essential trace minerals.

Ramsons (Wild Garlic)
Ramsons

The above photo was taken is early May on a visit to Matlock. Ramsons or Wild Garlic as it is sometimes known grows profusely in this area, you can't mistake it with it's rather pungent aroma.

It's a tall hairless perennial plant, usually found growing in large colonies. The leaves, normally 2, are upto 20cm long and are broad, pointed and long-stalked. The flowers are white star-shaped with 6 segments.

The glossy green leaves of Ramsons, or Wild Garlic are delicious in sandwiches, used sparingly in salads, or added to sauces and dressings. It also makes splendid pesto. The bulb can also be eaten raw or cooked, and can be harvested all year round, though is best used when the plant is dormant from July to December or January. It has a fairly strong garlic flavour, though it is quite small and fiddly to harvest. Flowers - raw or cooked. These are somewhat stronger than the leaves, in small quantities they make a decorative and very tasty addition to salads. The flowering heads can still be eaten as the seed pods are forming, though the flavour gets even stronger as the seeds ripen.
Wild Garlic Soup

Ingredients

2 Large Diced Potatoes
3 or 4 Handfuls Wild Garlic Leaves
1 Tbsp Extra Virgin Olive Oil
Parmesan Cheese (omit if not liked)
2 Tbsp Mascarpone Cheese
Large Bunch Flat Leaved Parsley (roughly chopped)
Salt & Pepper

Method

1. Sweat the potatoes with extra virgin olive oil for 10 minutes.

2 Add the wild garlic and continue sweating for 5 minutes

3. Stir and gradually add 1¾ pint of boiling water.

4. Season to taste and cook until potatoes are soft enough.

5. Whiz to your favourite soup consistency. Should it be too thick, simply add water.

6. Add as much grated parmesan as you like and stir until all melted through.

7. Serve piping hot and add a dollop of mascarpone cheese and the roughly chopped parsley.
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